There are several instances in which the use of the External Orientation Calibration can be helpful:
1. Large measurement fields for which a large enough grid is not practical.
2. The cameras have been moved or bumped since calibration, giving you a higher than expected projection error
3. Test setups that include nonstandard distortions, such as from a glass pane or viewing window
The linked document explains the different procedures for using this feature for all of the above instances.
Nick Lovaas
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